Simulators are computer programs that can imitate the neuronal mechanisms of healthy and diseased brains. I build simulators of biological neuronal networks and study how to keep them healthy despite simulated insults that resemble those seen in brain disorders. Because simulators model neuronal mechanisms, they can be used to discover patient-specific causes of multicausal brain disorders.
Although scientists have found various possible causes of brain disorders, the exact cause in a specific patient is hard to determine. For example, loss of specific cell types or overexpression of proteins are not measurable in the brains of living patients. However, such immeasurable features can be inferred in a simulator from readily measurable features such as electroencephalogram. Therefore, simulation-based inference with patient data estimates otherwise immeasurable features, but it is currently unclear how accurate these estimates are. I develop and benchmark simulators and inference algorithms on mouse and human data to make them reliable in diagnostic practice. Diagnosing not just the brain disorder but the patient-specific causes with personalized simulators will support precision treatments.